Macular Degeneration
Expert diagnosis and advanced treatments to help preserve your central vision and maintain independence as you age.
Types of Macular Degeneration
Macular degeneration can be classified as either dry (non-neovascular) or wet (neovascular). Dry macular degeneration is the more common diagnosis, and is considered to be an early stage of the disease. This form of the disorder usually develops as the macular tissues thin during aging. Deposits of pigment within the macula may also occur.
In only about 10 percent of patients does the condition progress to the more advanced form of the disease. If this occurs and the patient develops wet macular degeneration, new abnormal blood vessels develop beneath the macula, causing a leakage of blood and fluid. This leakage can lead to the creation of blind spots and permanent damage to central vision.
With either type of macular degeneration, peripheral vision is maintained.
Risk Factors for Macular Degeneration
As people age, everyone is at risk for macular degeneration, but some people are at elevated risk due to genetic and/or environmental factors. Some individuals have a genetic variant known as complement factor H that makes them more likely to develop this condition. Nearly half of the cases of blindness associated with macular degeneration are linked to this genetic deficiency.
Macular degeneration is most common in females and people with light skin or eye color, and the risk for all patients increases as they age. Over 30 percent of adults age 75 and older have been diagnosed with advanced or intermediate age-related macular degeneration.
Other factors that may increase the risk of developing macular degeneration include:
- Obesity
- Smoking
- High fat diet
- Elevated cholesterol levels
- Prolonged sun exposure
- High blood pressure
- Certain medications
Patients can minimize their risk of macular degeneration by exercising, eating a diet rich in Omega-3 fatty acids, and getting regular eye examinations.
Symptoms of Macular Degeneration
Shadowy areas in the central vision
Fuzzy and distorted vision
Difficulty perceiving color
Difficulty seeing fine details
Blind spots in central vision
If the disease progresses to the wet form, patients may also perceive straight lines as wavy or crooked, and have larger and larger blind spots, increasingly losing central vision. With wet macular degeneration, central vision loss can occur rapidly, sometimes in as little as a few days or weeks.
Macular degeneration may necessitate many lifestyle changes as it progresses. Patients may lose the ability to drive, have difficulty reading, and have difficulty recognizing faces. Because they retain peripheral vision, however, they usually remain capable of managing independently.
Diagnosis of Macular Degeneration
The ophthalmologist may be able to detect early signs of macular degeneration through a regular eye examination while the patient is still asymptomatic. Any signs of this condition can be further confirmed by testing a patient’s central vision with an Amsler grid test. Treating detecting macular degeneration and other serious eye conditions as early as possible can help to prevent permanent loss of vision.
Treatment of Macular Degeneration
While there is no cure for macular degeneration, there are several treatment options available to help patients manage this condition and preserve their vision. The best treatment option for each patient depends on the severity and type of the condition, as well as how much, if any, permanent vision loss has occurred.
Intraocular injections of vascular endothelial growth factor are often successful in stopping abnormal blood vessel growth in wet macular degeneration. The medications are injected into the vitreous of the eye on a monthly basis to control the damaging effects of wet macular degeneration. Photodynamic therapy is also effective in removing the newly developing abnormal blood vessels characteristic of wet macular degeneration. Many patients also benefit from vitamin and mineral supplements, which help to clear out toxic substances that may build up.
It is essential for patients with macular degeneration, wet or dry, to seek continuous medical treatment to manage the condition and prevent permanent vision loss.
Macular Degeneration Specialist Dr. Babak Shabatian
Macular degeneration affects central vision and can make everyday activities like reading and driving more difficult. Dr. Babak Shabatian, founder of Cali Eye Institute, provides focused care for patients with macular degeneration, helping them maintain vision and independence for as long as possible.
With advanced training in retinal diseases, Dr. Shabatian closely monitors changes in the macula and intervenes early when needed. His approach is centered on slowing disease progression, managing symptoms, and preserving functional vision through personalized treatment plans.
Each patient’s condition can progress differently, which is why Dr. Shabatian emphasizes regular evaluations and tailored care. From early-stage monitoring to advanced treatment options, he guides patients through every phase of the condition with clear communication and ongoing support.
His background, including medical education at Boston University, leadership as Chief Resident during his ophthalmology residency, and fellowship training in vitreous and retinal diseases, allows him to manage complex retinal conditions with confidence and precision.
Through Cali Eye Institute, along with Lancaster Eye Institute and Anacapa Vision, Dr. Shabatian provides consistent, long-term care for macular degeneration patients across Torrance, Lancaster, and Ventura, with a strong focus on protecting vision and quality of life.
Schedule Your Consultation
Rediscover sharp, vivid vision with advanced cataract surgery at Cali Eye Institute.
Dr. Babak Shabatian and his team are committed to providing compassionate, customized care in Torrance, Ventura, and Lancaster.
We Are Members of:
Frequently Asked Questions
What is macular degeneration?
Macular degeneration, also called age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a condition that affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed central vision. It is the leading cause of vision loss in adults age 50 and older.
What are the first symptoms of macular degeneration?
Early symptoms may include fuzzy or distorted central vision, shadowy areas in the center of vision, difficulty seeing fine details, or changes in color perception. In early stages, symptoms may be mild or unnoticeable.
What vision looks like with macular degeneration?
Macular degeneration primarily affects central vision. Patients may notice blurred or dark spots in the center of their vision, wavy or crooked lines, or blind spots. Peripheral (side) vision is usually preserved.
What are the two types of macular degeneration?
There are two types of AMD:
- Dry macular degeneration – the most common and early form, caused by thinning of macular tissue
- Wet macular degeneration – a more advanced form involving abnormal blood vessel growth and fluid leakage, leading to faster vision loss
What should I do if diagnosed with macular degeneration?
If diagnosed with macular degeneration, it is important to begin ongoing medical care, attend regular eye exams, and follow your doctor’s treatment recommendations. Early management can slow progression and help preserve vision.
Can macular degeneration be cured?
There is currently no cure for macular degeneration, but treatments are available to slow progression and reduce vision loss, especially when the condition is detected early.
What treatments are available for macular degeneration at Cali Eye Institute?
Cali Eye Institute offers advanced treatment options, including:
- Intraocular anti-VEGF injections for wet macular degeneration
- Photodynamic therapy to target abnormal blood vessels
- Vitamin and mineral supplements for certain patients
Treatment plans are customized based on disease type and severity.
Who is at risk for macular degeneration?
Risk increases with age, especially after 50. Other risk factors include genetics, smoking, obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, prolonged sun exposure, and light skin or eye color.
Where can I receive macular degeneration care at Cali Eye Institute?
Macular degeneration evaluations and treatments are available at Cali Eye Institute locations in Torrance, Ventura, and Lancaster, providing expert care throughout Southern California.
Does insurance cover macular degeneration treatment?
Most diagnostic testing and treatments for macular degeneration are covered by medical insurance, including Medicare, when medically necessary. Coverage details can be reviewed during your consultation.